Hello,
The term pre dates the late 1950s, I have seen it on older fabric's selvages. It does not refer to any backing or actual "bonding" technique used to make the fabric. It refers to the printing technique used on the fabric. Loosely put, it means the dye or color is bonded with the fibers, to help the the color stay fresh looking after washing and wearing or regular usage. I am pretty sure that I have only seen this term "a bonded fabric" used on printed fabrics (printed with color patterns), not on solid colors or fabrics woven with previously dyed/colored threads. From my memory it goes back to at least the 1940s.
So you could see this term used on various manufacturer's fabrics. I have found it on a variety of fabrics, from polished cottons to barkcloth type fabrics.
The pattern looks mid to late 1940s to early 1950s to me, and I agree it likely is a home decor fabric meant for curtains, light upholstery, etc.
Do you think it could have been made more recently, those sleeves look very 1980s to me. It is very pretty and an interesting use of the fabric.