I think they are more likely early 90s. I recall the earliest styles like these may be 1988/89 but they were usually in white, pink, or red, and had lots of cutwork and stiletto heels. The more academically correct styles, like these were usually in black, brown, often in suede, and were from the early 90s - the Goths loved them. They may have been made for the U.S. market, but by that point, the chances they were being made in the U.S. are slim. I would expect they were more likely made in Mexico, Brazil, Spain, UK, or possibly even China. Of course the best ones were made in Italy, but these don't look to be at that level.